This is my personal favourite science museum in Barcelona. And I say that as someone who doesn't always gravitate towards science museums.
CosmoCaixa gets it right in a way that most don't. It doesn't talk down to you, it doesn't overwhelm you with walls of text, and it works just as well for a curious seven year old as it does for an adult who thinks they're not particularly interested in biology. It is one of those places where you go in for two hours and come out four hours later slightly surprised at where the time went.
The museum covers biology, physics, chemistry and natural history — but what makes it genuinely special as a science museum in Barcelona is how it all connects. Nothing feels like a standalone exhibit dropped in without context. It builds. Each floor leads you somewhere that makes the last one feel more interesting in retrospect.